Our results have shown 23 new species, varieties and forms from 9 genera: Aulacoseira – 5, Cyclostephanos – 1, Cyclotella – 4, Discostella – 1, Ellerbeckia – 1, Melosira – 1, Orthoseira – 1, Stephanodiscus – 8, Thalassiosira – 1. We have found three new for Baikal flora species – Stephanodiscus delicatus and Aulacoseira italica, Orthoseira dendroteres, last two species were found in hot spring that has connection with lake. The benthos and phytoplankton samples were taken on the eastern shore of Southern and Middle Baikal. There is a wider variability of morphological characters in found taxa, than on the basis literature data.

Keywords: Lake Baikal, phytoplankton, phytobenthos, diatoms, Centrophyceae

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