Diatom exopolysaccharides (EPS) are bioactive components released into the environment. As an important component of marine phytoplankton, diatoms produce up to a quarter of the annual primary organic matter. The results of EPS studies highlighting the important role of diatom EPS in the global carbon cycle are analyzed. The main types of extracellular carbohydrates, monosaccharide composition of EPS, and dependence of their production on algal growth rate, light conditions and nutrient content in the environment are discussed.

Keywords: Bacillariophyta, exopolysaccharides, ecological role, chemical composition, production conditions

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