At present, aquatic ecosystems of the Yamal Peninsula are suffering from increasing anthropogenic loads. For this reason, the study of diatom algae dominating in phytoplankton is necessary in the ecological monitoring of ecosystems. This paper presents the first data on the species composition of Bacillariophyta in low mineralized lakes, channels, brooks, and streams of the Naduiyakha River basin in the Yamal Peninsula, which has been poorly studied with respect to algology. The scanning electron microscopy study of phytoplankton from these waterbodies and watercourses reveals 249 specific and infraspecific taxa of diatom algae from 54 genera. A total of 19 species and varieties new for the flora of Russia are recorded; 49 forms from 25 genera are identified only to the genus. The maximum species diversity is recorded in Lake Nagarka-Nyavasito (82) and the Yunetayakha River (102). The following species are the most widespread in the waterbodies under study: Asterionella formosa Hassall, Aulacoseira subarctica (O. Müll.) E.Y. Haw., Cymbopleura peranglica Kramer, Nitzschia alpina Hust., Tabellaria flocculosa Roth (Kütz.).
Keywords: Yamal Peninsula, the Naduiyakha River basin, phytoplankton, diatom algae, electron microscopy
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