This scanning electron microscopy study of phytoepiphyton, collected in 2016–2018 from the reservoirs system of the Dnieper River (Kiev, Kremenchug, Dneprodzerzhynsk, Zaporozhzhia (Dnieper), Kakhovka) and the Lower Dnieper, has revealed 133 species of diatom algae, represented by 138 intraspecific taxa from 43 genera, 22 families, 13 orders and 3 classes. A total of 14 species and 1 variety of Bacillariophyta from the genera Achnanthidium Kȕtzing , Amphora Ehrenberg, Cymbella Agardh, Encyonema Kȕtzing, Gomphonema Ehrenberg, Halamphora (P.T.Cleve) Levkov, Navicula Bory, Nitzschia Hassall are new for the flora of Ukraine. Short diagnoses, synonymy, ecological characteristics and distribution data, as well as original micrographs are presented for these species. The majority of these pennate diatoms from periphyton of higher aquatic plants are freshwater, widespread species. Among the species new for the flora of Ukraine, recorded in phytoepiphyton from the reservoirs system of the Dnieper River and the Lower Dnieper, two are freshwater-brackish species (Halamphora thermalis (Hustedt) Levkov и Navicula vekhovii Lange-Bertalot et Genkal). Besides, and Navicula cf. vaneei Lange-Bertalot can vegetate in waterbodies with medium-high mineralization and Halamphora cf. subholsatica (Krammer) Levkov develops in mesohaline waters. Seven forms from the genera Amphora, Aneumastus D.G.Mann et Stickle, Cymbella, Gomphonema, Nitzschia, Ulnaria Compére have been identified to the genus. The largest number of new species and interesting forms of pennate diatom algae has been recorded in Kremenchug and Kaniv reservoirs as well as in the Dnieper reservoir. The species new for Ukraine belong to the class Bacillariophyceae and the algae identified to the genus – to the classes Bacillariophyceae and Fragilariophyceae. A hypothesis has been proposed that centric small-celled planktonic forms of diatom algae have a faster response to increasing salinity of Dnieper water than the pennate forms which develop in phytoperiphyton. That is because phytoepiphyton is a more inert algocenosis than plankton.

Keywords: Bacillariophyta, Dnieper reservoirs, phytoepiphyton, pennate forms, scanning electron microscopy, Ukraine

Full text: PDF 1.14M | Supplement: PDF 175K

1. Algae of Ukraine: diversity, nomenclature, taxonomy, ecology and geography. Vol. 2. Bacillariophyta. 2009. Eds Tsarenko P.M., Wasser S.P., Nevo E. Ruggell: A.R.G. Gantner Verlag K.-G. 413 p.
2. Aqualandscape and biological diversity of the "Nyzhniosulskyi" National Natural Park, Ukraine. 2014. Ed. V.I. Shcherbak. Kyiv: Phytosociocentre. 266 p. [Ukr.]
3. Balonov I. M. 1975. In: Methods for the study of biocenoses. Moscow: Nauka. Pp. 87–89. [Rus.]
4. Berezovskaya V.Yu. 2019. Algal diversity of rivers of the Kiev Upland Region (Ukraine). Algologia. 29(1): 1–6. http://algologia.co.ua/pdf/29/1/alg-2019-29-1-059_supp.pdf. https://doi.org/10.15407/alg29.01.059
5. Bukhtiyarova L.N. 2009. The review on the investigations of Bacillariophyta in the Ukrainian Polissya. I. Ukr. Bot. J. 66(3): 367–383.
6. Bukhtiyarova L.N. 2012. Morphology of the new for Ukraine Bacillariophyta from the hydrotopes of the Right Bank Forest-Steppe. I. Species of Gomphonema Ehrenb. Modern Phytomorph. 1: 85–88.
7. Genkal S.I., Shcherbak V.I. 1987. New data on diatoms flora from the Kyiv Water Reservoir. Ukr. Bot. J. 43(1): 61–65.
8. Genkal S.I., Yarushina M.I. 2018. Diatom algae of poorly studied aquatic ecosystem in the Far North of Western Siberia. Moscow: Sci. World. 212 p. [Rus.]
9. Genkal S.I., Chekryzheva T.A., Komulaynen S.F. 2015. Diatom algae in waterbodies and watercourses of Karelia. Moscow: Sci. World. 202 p. [Rus.]
10. Каpustin D.A. 2013. Freshwater algae of the Polession Reserve (Ukraine). Algologia. 23(1): 82–95. https://doi.org/10.15407/alg23.01.082
11. Krammer K. 1997a. In: Bibliotheca Diatomologica. Berlin, Stuttgart: J. Cramer. Bd 36. Pp. 1–382.
12. Krammer K. 1997b. In: Bibliotheca Diatomologica. Berlin, Stuttgart: J. Cramer. Bd 37. Pp. 1–469.
13. Krammer K. 2000. In: Diatoms of Europe. Ruggell: A.R.G. Gantner Verlag K.-G. Vol. 1. 703 p.
14. Krammer K. 2002. In: Diatoms of Europe. Ruggell: A.R.G. Gantner Verlag K.-G. Vol. 3. 584 p.
15. Krammer K. 2003. In: Diatoms of Europe. Ruggell: A.R.G. Gantner Verlag K.-G. Vol. 4. 530 p.
16. Krammer K., Lange-Bertalot H. 1986. In: Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa. Stuttgart, New York: Gustav Fischer Verlag 876 S.
17. Krammer K., Lange-Bertalot H. 1988. In: Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa. Stuttgart, Jena: Gustav Fischer Verlag. 536 S.
18. Krammer K., Lange-Bertalot H. 1991a. In: Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa. Stuttgart, Jena: Gustav Fischer Verlag. 576 S.
19. Krammer K., Lange-Bertalot H. 1991b. In: Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa. Stuttgart; Jena: Fischer Verlag. 437 S.
20. Кrivenda А.А. 2012. New for the Ukraine species of Bacillariophyta from Shatskiy National Narural Park (Ukraine). Algologia. 22(4): 419–430.
21. Kryvenda A.A., Ector L., Kostikov I.Yu., Druart C. 2007. New and rare species in plankton and periphyton from the Kaniv Natural Reserve. Nature Reserves in Ukraine. 13(1–2): 51–56.
22. Kryvosheia O.N. 2018. In: Advances in Botany and Ecology: Proc. Int. Conf. Young Sci. (Kyrylivka, Sept. 2–5, 2018). Kyiv. P. 20. [Ukr.]
23. Krivosheya O.N., Кrivenda А.А. 2015. New and rare species of Bacillariophyta from the basin of regional landscape park «Nyzhnyovorklyansky» (Ukraine). Аlgologia. 25(3): 306–322. https://doi.org/10.15407/alg25.03.306
24. Kryvosheia О.N., Tsarenko P.М. 2018. Bacillariophyta in the high-mountain lakes of Choruogora range in Ukrainian Carpathians. Аlgologia. 28(3): 297–327. https://doi.org/10.15407/alg28.03.297
25. Кulikovskiy М.S., Glushchenko А.М., Genkal S.I., Kuznetsova I.V. 2016. Identification book of diatoms from Russia. Yaroslavl: Filigran. 804 p. [Rus.]
26. Lange-Bertalot H. 2001. In: Diatoms of Europe. Ruggell: A.R.G. Gantner Verlag K.-G. Vol. 2. 526 p.
27. Lange-Bertalot H., Genkal S.I. 1999. In: Iconographia Diatomologia. Vaduz: A.R.G. Gantner Verlag K.-G. Vol. 6. 272 p.
28. Lange-Bertalot H., Moser G. 1994. In: Bibliotheca Diatomologica. Berlin, Stuttgart: J. Cramer. Bd 29. 212 p.
29. Lange-Bertalot H., Bak M., Witkowski A. 2011. In: Diatoms of Europe. Ruggell: A.R.G. Gantner Verlag K.-G. Vol. 6. 747 p.
30. Lange-Bertalot H., Hofmann G., Werum M., Cantonati M. 2017. Freshwater benthic diatoms of Central Europe. Schmitten-Oberreifenberg: Koeltz Bot. Books. 942 p.
31. Levkov Z. 2009. In: Diatoms of Europe. Amphora sensu lato. Ruggell: A.R.G. Gantner Verlag K.-G. Vol. 5. 916 p.
32. Levkov Z. 2016. In: Diatoms of Europe. Ruggell: A.R.G. Gantner Verlag K.-G. Vol. 8. 552 p.
33. Levkov Z., Metzeltin D., Pavlov A. 2013. Luticola, Luticolopsis. In: Diatoms of Europe. Ruggell: A.R.G. Gantner Verlag K.-G. Vol. 7. 697 p.
34. Lilitskaya G.G. 2016а. Bacillariophyta of small water bodies of Kiev (Ukraine). 1. Naviculales. Аlgologia. 26(2): 163–184. https://doi.org/10.15407/alg26.02.163
35. Lilitskaya G.G. 2016b. Bacillariophyta of small water bodies of Kiev (Ukraine). 2. Araphid diatoms: Fragilariaceae, Diatomaceae, Tabellariaceae). Аlgologia. 26(3): 263–279. https://doi.org/10.15407/alg26.03.263
36. Lilitskaya G.G., Tsarenko P.М., Maslov I.I. 2012. Bacillariophyta of Lake Donuzlav (Crimea, Ukraine). Аlgologia. 22(1): 102–113.
37. Lyalyuk N.М., Кlimyuk V.N. 2011. Phytoplankton of salt lakes of Slavyansk (Ukraine). Аlgologia. 21(3): 321–328.
38. Маystrova N.V., Genkal S.I., Scherbak V.I., Semenyuk N.Ye. 2007. Centrophyceae in the upper section of the Kanev water reservoir (Ukraine). Аlgologia. 17(4): 467–480.
39. Methods of hydroecological studies of surface waters. 2006. Ed. V.D. Romanenko. Kiev: LOGOS. 408 p. [Ukr.]
40. Reichardt E. 1999. In: Iconographia Diatomologia. Vol. 8. 203 p.
41. Romanenko V.D., Yevtushenko M.Yu., Linnik P.M., Arsan O.M., Kuzmenko M.I., Zhuravleva L.O., Klenus V.G., Pligin Y.V., Shcherbak V. I.I., Shevchenko P.G. 2000. Integrated assessment of the ecological condition of the Dnipro basin. Kyiv: Inst. Hydrobiology NASU. 103 p.
42. Semenyuk N.Ye., Shcherbak V.I. 2016. Structural and functional organization of phytoepiphyton of the Dnieper Reservoirs and factors influencing its development. Rep. 1. Role of some hydrophysical factors. Hydrobiol. J. 52(5): 3–17. https://doi.org/10.1615/HydrobJ.v52.i5.10
43. Shcherbak V.I., Genkal S.I., Maistrova N.V., Semenyuk N.E. 2006. Centric diatoms (Centrophyceae) of different types of reservoirs of urbanized territories. Natural almanakh. Ser. Biol. Sci. 8: 309–315.
44. Sirenko L.A., Korelyakova I.L., Mikhaylenko L.E., Kostikova L.E., Litvinova M.A., Myslovich V.O., Skorik L.V., Khoroshikh L.A., Shcherbak V.I., Yakubovsky A.B., Gorbik V.P. 1989. Vegetation and bacterial population of the Dnieper and its reservoirs. Kyiv: Naukova Dumka. 232 p.
45. Tsarenko P.M., Lilitska G.G., Gerasimiuk V.P. 2014. In: Algae of Ukraine: diversity, nomenclature, taxonomy, ecology and geography. Vol. 4. Charophyta. Ruggell: Koeltz Sci. Books. Pp. 490–500.
46. Zadorozhna H., Semeniuk N., Shcherbak V. 2017. Interaction between phytoplankton and epiphytic algae in the Kaniv Water Reservoir (Ukraine). Int. Lett. Nat. Sci. 61: 56–68. https://doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ILNS.61.56